Inzululwazi yerobhothi ehlakaniphile kunye nentshukumo yetekhnoloji

Ukusetyenziswa koomatshini kwezolimo sesinye sezona ziseko zibalulekileyo zokuphucula ezolimo.Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, inqanaba lomatshini wezolimo e-China liye laphucuka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye idatha evela kwiSebe lezoLimo kunye neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni ibonisa ukuba isantya esibanzi somatshini wengqolowa, umbona kunye nerayisi e-China idlule i-97%, i-90% kunye ne-85. I-% ngokulandelelanayo, kwaye izinga elibanzi lokusetyenziswa koomatshini bezityalo lidlule kuma-71%.

Kwangaxeshanye, kukwakho ukungalingani kwinqanaba lomatshini wezolimo eTshayina, isantya esibanzi somatshini wokulinywa kwezityalo kunye nokuvuna kwiindawo ezinduli kunye neentaba ezisemazantsi yi-51% kuphela, kwaye inqanaba lomatshini wamakhonkco aphambili imveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo ezifana nomqhaphu, i-oyile, iilekese kunye neti yemifuno, kunye nokufuywa kwezilwanyana, ukuloba, ukusetyenzwa okuphambili kweemveliso zezolimo, indawo yezolimo kunye namanye amasimi aphantsi.

UWu Kongming, umongameli weChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences kunye ne-academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, wabonisa ukuba uphuhliso lomatshini wezolimo e-China luneempawu "ezithathu ezingaphezulu kunye nezintathu ngaphantsi", kunye namandla amancinci amancinci, aphakathi naphantsi. -oomatshini bokugqibela, kunye nezixhobo ezimbalwa eziphezulu zamahashe kunye nomgangatho ophezulu;Kukho imisebenzi emininzi ebanzi yooomatshini bezolimo ababodwa, kunye nemisebenzi yoomatshini bezolimo ehlangeneyo esebenza ngokufanelekileyo;Kukho amakhaya oomatshini bezolimo abancinci abazisebenzisayo ngokwabo, kwaye kukho imibutho embalwa yenkonzo yoomatshini bezolimo abakhethekileyo.

Kwangaxeshanye, uWu Kongming uphinde wathi izixhobo zoomatshini bezolimo ziseneengxaki ezinje “ngokusebenziseka kwezinto ezingaphiliyo”, “akukho kusetyenziswa kakuhle komatshini” kwaye “kunzima ukusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo” ukuya kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.Ngokuphathelele "nokuba kukho nayiphi na", iindawo ezineenduli kunye neentaba, imveliso yezolimo, izixhobo zokulungisa imveliso yezolimo, imfuyo kunye neenkukhu zasemanzini izixhobo ezikrelekrele zinqongophele;Ngokuphathelele "ilungile okanye ayilunganga", imfuno ye-R&D kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zobugcisa kumakhonkco abalulekileyo afana nokutyalwa kwerayisi, ukuvunwa kwamandongomane, imbewu yokudlwengulwa kunye nokuhlwayelwa kweetapile kusangxamisekile.Ngokubhekiselele "okugqwesileyo okanye okungahambi kakuhle", kugxininiswe kwizixhobo ezihlakaniphile kunye nezinga eliphantsi lemveliso ehlakaniphile.

Ukoyisa ubunzima bobugcisa kunye nokomeleza ukugcinwa kweenkozo kubuchwepheshe

Inzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe ngabona bamandla okuvelisa kunye nenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuphucula imveliso yezolimo.Kuyaqondwa ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-Academy yaseTshayina yeSayensi yezoLimo iye yasungula ngokulandelelana izenzo zophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwepheshe ezifana "neNkqubo yoLuhlu lweMission", "iSayensi yeMbewu eyomeleleyo kunye neTekhnoloji yeZenzo", "iSayensi yeFilimu eNcinci kunye neTekhnoloji" kunye "nokutya okuziinkozo." Yandisa isenzo seNzululwazi nobuChwepheshe", kwakhona kugxininise kumakhonkco abuthathaka ekuphuculweni kwezolimo, ukukhuthaza inkqubela phambili yenzululwazi yezolimo nobuchwepheshe, nokomeleza amanyathelo okugcina iinkozo kubuchwepheshe.

UWu Kongming uthe njengamandla eqhinga lesizwe lezenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, iAkhademi yaseTshayina yeSayensi yezoLimo izibophelele ekusombululeni iingxaki ezinkulu zenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwepheshe zentlalontle yoluntu, isiseko, ngokubanzi, isicwangciso kunye nophuhliso olujonge phambili "kwimimandla emithathu yasemaphandleni".Ingakumbi ukususela ngo-2017, isibhedlele siye sakhawulezisa isantya sokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwezenzululwazi nezobuchwepheshe kwezolimo nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, senza igalelo elincomekayo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lokutya kwesizwe, ukhuseleko lwendalo kunye nokhuseleko lwendalo.

I "Smart Machine Science kunye neTekhnoloji Action" ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo othathwe Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ukukhawulezisa ezintsha zenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe izixhobo oomatshini bezolimo China, ukukhuthaza unikezelo olusebenzayo amacandelo angundoqo angundoqo, nokusombulula "intamo waxinga" ingxaki.UWu Kongming wazisa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, i-Academy yaseTshayina yeSayensi yezoLimo iya kuqokelela ngaphezu kwama-20 amaqela ophando lwezenzululwazi avela kumaziko ophando ali-10 kwicandelo loomatshini bezolimo kunye nezixhobo kulo lonke i-academy, ngenjongo yokwenza iintsilelo koomatshini bezolimo. izixhobo, ukuhlasela undoqo, kunye nokuqinisa ubukrelekrele, kugxininise kwimisebenzi yophando engundoqo ezifana esebenzayo kunye nobukrelekrele oomatshini ezolimo oluhlaza inzululwazi kunye nophando lwethekhinoloji, innovation ngentsebenziswano koomatshini bezolimo inzululwazi kunye namashishini zobugcisa, kunye nokuphuculwa oomatshini ezolimo iqonga iqonga, kwaye sizame ukufezekisa leapfrog uphuhliso lwezixhobo zoomatshini bezolimo baseTshayina kunye nobuchwephesha bokusebenzisa oomatshini ngo-2030, nokubonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya lwesizwe.

Gxininisa kwingxaki yentamo kwaye unqobe ibhotile yesayensi kunye neteknoloji

"Ukuphuhliswa komatshini wezolimo eChina kuye kwadlula izigaba ezine."U-Chen Qiaomin, umlawuli weNanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanisation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, waziswa, "Ixesha loomatshini bezolimo 1.0 ikakhulu isombulula ingxaki yokutshintsha amandla omntu kunye nezilwanyana ngoomatshini bomatshini, ixesha le-2.0 lisombulula ingxaki yolwazi olubanzi. umatshini, ixesha le-3.0 lisombulula ingxaki yolwazi, kwaye ixesha le-4.0 lixesha lokuzenzekelayo kunye nobukrelekrele. "Okwangoku, isantya esibanzi somatshini wokulinywa kwezityalo kunye nokuvuna kweli lizwe lidlule i-71%, kwaye intsingiselo iyonke yophuhliso oluhambelanayo koomatshini bezolimo i-1.0 ukuya kwi-4.0 ibonisiwe.

I "Smart Robot Technology Action" yasungulwa ngeli xesha inemisebenzi emithandathu yeqhinga.UChen Qiaomin wazisa ukuba imisebenzi emithandathu ephambili ibandakanya "ukuphunyezwa koomatshini bezolimo benkqubo yonke yezixhobo zoomatshini, izixhobo ezisebenzayo ezindulini nasezintabeni, izixhobo zale mihla zezolimo, ubukrelekrele bezixhobo zezolimo, idatha enkulu yezolimo kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, obulungele ukudityaniswa kobuchwephesha be-agronomic" kunye eminye imiba.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences iya kuthatha amanyathelo athile afana "nokuhlasela undoqo", "ukwenza iintsilelo" kunye "nobukrelekrele obuqinileyo" ukujongana neengxaki eziphambili kumatshini wezolimo osebenzayo kunye nobukrelekrele besayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo, ukusebenzisana ngokutsha. izenzo zoomatshini bezolimo zenzululwazi kunye namashishini obugcisa, kunye neentshukumo zokuphucula amaqonga okuvelisa oomatshini bezolimo.

"I-Smart Robot Technology Initiative" iphinda ibeke iinjongo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha.U-Chen Qiaomin wazisa ukuba ngo-2023, isakhono senzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe bokusungula oomatshini bezolimo kunye nezixhobo ziya kuqhubeka ziphucuka, ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha obukrelekrele bezixhobo zokutya kuya kukhawuleziswa, kwaye ingxaki "yokusetyenziswa kwe-inorganic" yamakhonkco abuthathaka emali enkulu. izityalo ziya kusonjululwa ngokusisiseko.Ngo-2025, izixhobo zoomatshini bezolimo kunye netekhnoloji yezolimo ziya kufezekiswa "ukususela ekhoyo ukuya kuthi gqi", iindawo ezibuthathaka kunye nonxibelelwano lobuchwephesha ziya kusonjululwa ngokusisiseko, ubuchwephesha bobuchwephesha kunye nolwazi luya kudityaniswa ngakumbi, kwaye ukuthembeka komgangatho wemveliso kunye nokuguquguquka kuya kuphuculwa kakhulu. .Ngo-2030, izixhobo zoomatshini bezolimo kunye neteknoloji yezolimo iya kuba "isuka epheleleyo ukuya kwehle kakhulu", ukuthembeka kwezixhobo kunye nomgangatho wokusebenza kuya kuphuculwa kakhulu, kwaye inqanaba lobukrelekrele liya kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe.